Alterations in Marker Enzymes and Kidney Function Indices in Datura Metel Aqueous Seed Extract Treated Albino Rats

Datura metel belonging to the family Solanaceae. It is one of the most abused plant all over the world. This study aimed at assessing the effect of Datura metel aqueous seed extract in albino rats. The marker enzymes were analyzed using standard method, while kidney function indices were determined using colorimetric method. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various phytochemicals. The result of the present study revealed a significant decreased (P<0.05) in body weight at all doses when compared with the control. The result also revealed a significant increased (P<0.05) ALP activity at all the doses in both serum and kidney. Similarly, ALT and AST activity significantly increased (P<0.05) in both serum and kidney at 200 and 300mg/kg when compared with control. Furthermore, the study revealed a significant increased (P<0.05) in serum urea, uric acid and calcium at all doses of the extract treated groups. However, serum creatinine and potassium levels significantly increased (P<0.05) only at 300mg/kg, whereas no significant different at 100 and 200mg/kg when compared with the control. Similarly, the result revealed significant increased (P<0.05) serum sodium at 200 and 300mg/kg, and no significant difference (P>0.05) at 100mg/kg when compared with the control. Moreover, serum phosphate level significantly increased (P<0.05) at 200 and 300mg/kg and significantly decreased (P<0.05) only at 100mg/kg of the extract treated groups when compared with the control. In contrast, chloride level significantly (P<0.05) decreased at all doses when compared with the control group. The result of the present study suggests that the aqueous seed extract of Datura metel seeds extract may have some nephrotoxic effect on the basic functions of kidney investigated in Wister albino rats as revealed in the alterations of the kidney functions parameters analysed.